Cultural And Racial Issues That We Deal With Almost On...

Cultural and racial issues that we deal with almost on daily basis. Nikolay Solovyev Keiser University Cultural and racial issue that we live in. I was originally born and raised in Leningrad, Russia. Russia was and still is one of the most racially divided countries I know of, mainly because there are not that many African American people that reside there. When I moved to United States, I had to make a tremendous adjustment of how I looked at the world and other people; primarily people of other races and cultures. I never considered myself racist nor the type of person who would protest against such event. I understand that there are right and freedom of speech, but there other ways you could express yourself. I like†¦show more content†¦I think all lives matter. I served in the military for over 12 years, which is the most diverse company you could think of. I worked with Asians, Hispanic people and African Americans and all of them at one point of another I either called them my brother, sister or even family. Not too long ago my brother in arms, who I served with for 4 years, recently was honorably disch arge from the military. He moved back home to Atlanta, GA; and with all this killings and murders of black people, he joined the Black Lives Matter protests. It is very disturbing and painful for me to see, that he has to go through such event just to defend his rights and race, and fight for his freedom. On daily basis innocent people die whether they are black, Hispanic or white, All Lives Matter, but I also understand the issue that African American people have to deal with every day. Burning of American Flag According to U.S. Code 700, â€Å"Whoever knowingly mutilates, defaces, physically defiles, burns, maintains on the floor or ground, or tramples upon any flag of the United States shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both† (18 U.S. Code). For person myself, who moved here from another country and who proudly served this country, it is very disturbing to me that there are some people who would protest and do such thing as stumpShow MoreRelatedRacism In America1187 Words   |  5 Pagesdisease of racism. There is no doubt that we should acknowledge how far we have come as a nation since the days of slavery, Jim Crow and legalized segregation, but at the same time we should not equally lie to ourselves and act as if racial oppression has completely disappeared from the American landscape. We cannot continue to deny or erase historic and present-day American racism, our racial past and future is something that we Americans must address. A post racial society is in essence an ultimate dreamRead MoreEssay about Racial Segregation in New York1859 Words   |  8 PagesRacial Segregation in New York Currently there are about 600,000 people who live in the South Bronx and about 434,000 who live in Washington Heights and Harlem. This area makes up one of the most racially segregated areas of poor people in the United States. In this book we focus on racially segregated areas of poor people in the United States. In this book we focus on Mott Haven, a place where 48,0000 of the poorest people in the South Bronx live. Two thirds of the people are Hispanic, one-thirdRead MoreRacial Profiling Is A Problem For A Long Time1866 Words   |  8 Pagesa lot of issues that we deal with on a daily basis. One issue that has been a problem for a long time in Canada is Racial Profiling. Racial Profiling is a form of discrimination by which law enforcement uses a person’s race or cultural background as the primary reason to suspect that the individual has broken the law. For this final paper assignment, we had to analyze one criminal justice system problem or issue in Canada, and I thou ght that since racial profiling has always been an issue in CanadaRead MoreViolence Tends To Threaten The Organization Of Society.1648 Words   |  7 PagesViolence tends to threaten the organization of society. In today’s society violence is permeated in almost every aspect of our daily lives. Violence in our society enters our homes, workplace, and schools and especially in the media. Violence is the intentional action or inaction causing physical, sexual and psychological injury, including battering, pornography, sexual assault, incest, child abuse and sexual harassment. Advertisers use sex to get our attention and they make claims about their product’sRead MoreRacial Discrimination Throughout The Civil Rights Act Of 19643731 Words   |  15 PagesI. BACKGROUND: 1. FACTUAL BACKGROUND: Racial discrimination continues to be a prominent problem in today’s society. It has been prohibited federally since the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (title VII). Despite being a law for over 50 years, major companies continue to have issues with racial discrimination. In fact, the most common type of discrimination employees report to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is racial discrimination. The U.S. EEOC enforces all of these laws. EEOC alsoRead MoreRace, ethnicity, prejudice: white Australia policy Essay2055 Words   |  9 Pagessuch a racist immigration history on contemporary Australia is also discussed in terms of attitudes and behaviours of the population. Following is a brief discussion on how successive government policies and non-government organisations have tried to deal with and eradicate racism and discrimination against minority groups in Australia since the ‘White Australia’ policy was abolished in the 1940’s. Lastly, the ten sions that remain today in multicultural Australia are explored. Part 1 What is raceRead MoreRacism And Its Effects On Young Black Males3146 Words   |  13 Pagesstereotypes and racial profiling that Americans hand down from generation to generation are damaging not only to the minorities but to those perpetuating them as well. The behaviors that are kept alive because of these negative stereotypes and the behaviors associated with them, create an emotional and social struggle as well as presenting obstacles when receiving an education and employment opportunities. Racism is the mishandling or understanding of a group of people on the basis of race, colorRead MoreRacial Profiling : Chicago 12 Essay3081 Words   |  13 PagesRACIAL PROFILING IN CHICAGO 12 Racial Profiling In Chicago Loyola University Chicago Introduction Racial profiling is a discriminatory act committed by law enforcement officials in which individuals are targeted and discriminated against based on race, religion, culture or any criteria which defines a person. Racial profiling is based around the suspicion of crime where officers turn to designated characteristics they believe to be associated with certain groups of peopleRead MoreThe Phenomenology Of Racism And Racism3579 Words   |  15 Pagesto escape white norms and values. Racial structure is the totality of the social relations, frameworks and practices that reinforce white privilege. When race emerged, it formed a racialized social system/structure, referred to as white privilege, that awarded systematic privileges to whites over non-whites. Since students of color are actual or potential deviants of the institutionalized white privilege system, the majority works hard to hide it (Lewis 88). Racial ideology consists of racially-basedRead More Effects of Television on Our Society Essays6952 Words   |  28 Pagesthe very core of this project. In philosophizing on the issue of entertainment and its various, sometimes questionable, sources he asked his fellow citizens to consider the following â€Å"Shall we just carelessly allow our children to hear casual tales which may be devised by casual persons, and to receive into their minds ideas for the most part the very opposite of those which we should wish them to have when they are grown up?† Shall we indeed? It is an ongoing debate. Plato obviously recognized

Persuasive Essay Of Mice And Men - 855 Words

Of Mice and Men Persuasive Essay Death, the one thing all of humanity will eventually face, could be seen as an end or an entrance. What is your extent of a friendship? How far are you willing to go to help the person you care for? For numerous reasons, a broad amount of people think murder is immoral—especially if it was your own best friend. But sometimes we may have to go to the extreme, as long as we know it was the right thing to do from the heart because that’s how much you know you care. In this story Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, I strongly believe that George was right to kill Lennie. We can all argue back and forth whether George killing Lennie was wrong or not. But the fact of the matter is—there was no escape, or time†¦show more content†¦George and Lennie were best friends for a long time—more like brothers. Lennie isn’t the brightest bulb in the box, so George couldn’t really get mad at him when he accidentally killed Curley’s wife, due to the soft feel of her hair—which he truly adored too much that he killed her by accident. â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢I ain’t mad. I never been mad, an’ I ain’t now. That’s a thing I want ya to know’†(101). The two had planned a future together—a future in their own dream ranch. A ranch where no trouble they’d cross or cross them. Right before George put him out from the back of the head with the Luger, he made Lennie think of their future home—their ranch and the rabbits Lennie would tend. â€Å"’You†¦anâ €™ me. Ever’body gonna be nice to you. Ain’t gonna be no more trouble. Nobody gonna hurt nobody nor steal from ‘em’†(101). This shows you how much George cares for Lennie, no matter how big the crime is. He’d always be there to help Lennie get right back up to his feet, make him forget all his worries, and move on like nothing happened. I hereby state that I strongly believe George was the right person to kill Lennie, therefore made the right decision to, rather than to let him suffer in the hands of Curley. Alright, so maybe George and Lennie could’ve escaped. If they picked their route quickly and carefully, they could’ve gotten a tight chance of escaping. But if you think about it, CurleyShow MoreRelatedMice and Men Persuasive Essay799 Words   |  4 PagesOf Mice and Men persuasive essay Death, the one thing every person will eventually face, could be seen as an end or an entrance. What is your extent of a friendship? How far are you willing to go to help the person you care for? For many reasons, the majority of people think murder is immoral—especially if it was your own best friend. But sometimes we may have to go to the extreme, as long as we know it was the right thing to do from the heart because that’s how much you know you care. 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In middle school the writing tasks were easier and funner than high school. We read books like the Diary of Anne Frank, The Freedom Writers, and Romeo and Juliet, that IRead MoreQuaiyum:Explore how Steinbeck presents the theme of power and powerlessness in the relationships between characters in ‘Of Mice and Men’. Focus on the events in chapter 4.3049 Words   |  13 Pages2012 Quaiyum Miah Explore how Steinbeck presents the theme of power and powerlessness in the relationships between characters in ‘Of Mice and Men’. Focus on the events in chapter 4. The theme of power and powerlessness in chapter 4 of ‘Mice and Men’ is presented by Steinbeck in various ways. For example power is displayed though imagery, characterisation and dialogue. The main theme of power in Steinbeck’s novella includes seduction, physicalRead MoreHow To Write Literary Analysis4174 Words   |  17 PagesHow To Write Literary Analysis The Literary Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide When you read for pleasure, your only goal is enjoyment. You might find yourself reading to get caught up in an exciting story, to learn about an interesting time or place, or just to pass time. Maybe you’re looking for inspiration, guidance, or a reflection of your own life. There are as many different, valid ways of reading a book as there are books in the world. When you read a work of literature in an English classRead MorePopular Culture and Violent Behavior Essay11795 Words   |  48 Pagesoverlooked until gangster rap flooded onto the scene with groups such as Niggaz with Attitude (N.W.A.). The forming of hatred, culminating in murder and gratuitous violence can be blamed on popular culture , namely, popular rap music. The persuasive lyrics and violent imagery; killing policeman, raping women and murdering girlfriends get into the minds of the listeners causing abhorrence between people from different gangs and races in America. The iconic figures that are merelyRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesprobable good consequences of each action and the probable bad consequences while weighing the positive and negative impact of each consequence. It’s a kind of cost-benefit analysis. Exercises 1. Columbus Day is an American holiday. Write a short essay that weighs the pros and cons and then comes to a decision about whether there should be more or less public celebration (by Americans and their institutions) on Columbus Day, October 12. Here is some relevant background information to reduce yourRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Practical men [sic],who believe themselves quite . 6 Chapter 1 Introducing organization theory: what is it, and why does it matter? exempt from any intellectual influences, are usually the slaves of some defunct economist. Madmen in authority, who hear

Kenya’s Vision 2030 Relevance to Rural Development Free Essays

Kenya vision 2030 is Kenya’s long-term national planning strategy stating the main goals of economic, social and political pillars that underpin the vision 2030. It also provides a rundown of flagship projects to be embarked upon in the medium term period of the vision (2008-2012). It is the country’s development foundation store that covers 2008-2030. We will write a custom essay sample on Kenya’s Vision 2030 Relevance to Rural Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now It aims at making Kenya a new industrial, middle income country providing high quality of life for all citizens. The vision is based on three pillars, namely;- the economic, social and political pillar. The economic pillar aims at providing prosperity to all Kenyans through an economic development program aimed at achieving an average of 10% annual GDP by 2030. The social pillar seeks to build a just and cohesive society with of social equity in a secure environment. The political pillar founded on issues based on politics that respects the rule of law and protects the interests of every individual in the Kenyan society. POLICY OBJECTIVES. 1. To unlock potential benefits of economic growth, employment and poverty reduction. 2. To increase the annual GDP growth rate to 10% per annum. 3. To reduce high energy costs. 4. To improve poor infrastructure. 5.To make Kenya a haul tourist destination in the world. 6. To raise incomes in agriculture, livestock, fisheries by processing and thereby adding value to the products before they reach the market. 7. To improve efficiency in the country. 8. To make Kenya the provider of choice for basic manufactured goods in Eastern and Central Africa. 9. To provide business services via internet to companies and organizations in developed countries e. g. Europe, Britain etc. 10. To have a vibrant/ globally competitive financial sector. 11.To promote globally competitive quality education/ research development. 12. To promote efficiency and quality health care system. 13. To achieve a nationally clean and secure environment. 14. To provide gender equity. RELEVANCE TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN KENYA. ECONOMIC VISION AND STRATEGY. TOURISM. Creation of more tourist attraction sites with the aim of raising the tourist population in Kenya from 1. 8m (2006)- 3m (2030). This will involve upgrading the standards of attractive but rarely visited sites like Ruma and Marsabit. INCREASING VALUE IN AGRICULTURE. This will be done by processing goods before they reach the market in order to give them more value. Also, it aims at introducing new land use policies that will maximize utilization of the high and medium potential lands for large-scale agriculture. A BETTER AND MORE INCLUSIVE WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE SECTOR. It aims at lowering transaction costs through institutional reforms. It will involve strengthening informal trade through investment in infrastructure, training and linking it to wider local and global markets. MANUFACTURING FOR THE REGIONAL MARKET. Kenya aims to become the provider of choice for basic manufactured goods in Eastern and Central Africa before breaking into other markets targeting commonly used products. It will be done by improved efficiency and competitiveness at firm level, thus raising the market share in the regional market from 7%-15%. BUSINESS PROCESS OFFSHORING. It involves providing business services via the internet to companies and organizations in developed worlds e. g. USA. FINANCIAL SERVICES. Having a vibrant and globally competitive financial sector driving high levels of savings and financing Kenya investment needs. SOCIAL STRATEGY. EDUCATION AND TRAINING. It aims at Kenya providing a globally competitive quality, Itraining and research for development i. e. achieving 80% literacy rate, increasing school enrolment to 95% and increasing the transition rates to technical institutions and secondary schools to accommodate the ever increasing number of primary students who have qualified to join secondary institutions. HEALTH SECTOR. To improve the overall livelihood of Kenyans. The vision aims at providing efficient high quality health care systems with good standards. WATER AND SANITATION. Kenya being a water scarce nation, the vision aims at conserving water sources and find new ways of harvesting and using rain and underground water. It also aims at promoting agricultural activities through irrigation (140,000-300,000 ha), 54km canal from Tana river to Garissa (Rahole canal), Tana Delta project and rehabilitation of major irrigation schemes. ENVIRONMENT. The vision aims in achieving a clean/ secure and sustainable environment by 2030. It will do this by increasing forest cover from less than 3% to 4% in the future, to lessen environmental diseases. HOUSING/ URBANIZATION. To achieve decent and high quality urban livelihoods by 2030. GENDER, YOUTH AND VULNERABLE GROUPS. To promote gender equality, improve livelihoods amongst vulnerable groups and become a responsible society by empowering women, children and the youth. It also aims at doing away with child labor and FGM. SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION (STI). It is based on the creation of internet competitiveness in the corporate level and also for the citizens. POLITICAL STRATEGY. RULE OF LAW. Inculcating a culture of compliance with laws and decent human behavior. Increasing service availability and access by reducing barriers for justice and public education. PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY. Promoting open engagement between the government and civil society as well as free flow of information e. g. by use of the media. SECURITY, PEACE BUILDING AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT. Promoting community policing, reducing the police to population ratio, adopting information and communication technology (ICT) in crime detection and prevention, enhancing police training, all with an aim of creating a society free from danger and fear. POLICY GAPS. 1.Lack of clearly defined legal frameworks to deal with corruption e. g land grabbing. 2. Lack of policies that seek to mechanize milk farming. 3. It lacks avenues for the rural produce so as to discourage monopolies/ exploitation from private investors. 4. Does not entail modern storage facilities for farmers during boom yields and harvests. 5. It lacks frameworks to advocate for creation of small airstrips in high production zones so as to tackle the transportation challenge. 6. Lack of introduction and inclusion of computer studies in the school curriculum at the elementary level. 7. Does not seek to upgrade local hospitals to the referral level and also make treatment affordable. 8. Lack of emergency and rescue services that are fully equipped. 9. Lack of rural electrification programs. 10. Lack of agencies at the rural level to regulate price exploitation on commodities. RECOMMENDATIONS. 1. Legal frameworks should be created to deal with cases of corruption. 2. The vision should include in it simple ways of mechanizing farming in the rural areas and at the same time create measures to ensure that human labor is not done away with completely. 3.Markets should be found or created by the government so that farmers have somewhere to sell their commodities at reasonable and fair prices. 4. The vision should include construction of modern storage facilities so that farmers can keep their excess produce safely and this will help reduce food insecurity in the country during scarcity. 5. Small airstrips should be constructed especially in areas that produce perishable goods so that they can be taken to major airports in good time. 6. ICT should be introduced and incorporated in the school curriculum at the elementary level. 7.The vision should advocate for affordable healthcare to all and also upgrade the local hospitals to referral statute. 8. Emergency and rescue services should be upgraded to international levels so that 95% of the emergencies can be tackled. 9. Rural areas should be electrified as this will attract industrialization in such areas. 10. Prices on basic commodities should be regulated so that they can become affordable to everyone. REFERENCES United Nations, (2005). Millennium Development Goals. New York Government of the Republic of Kenya,(2007). The Kenya Vision 2030,Government Printers ,Nairobi, Kenya How to cite Kenya’s Vision 2030 Relevance to Rural Development, Essay examples

History of the Roman Empire Essay Example For Students

History of the Roman Empire Essay Roman Empire, political system established by Rome that lasted for nearly five centuries. Historians usually date the beginning of the Roman Empire from 27 bc when the Roman Senate gave Gaius Octavius the name Augustus and he became the undisputed emperor after years of bitter civil war. At its peak the empire included lands throughout the Mediterranean world. Rome had first expanded into other parts of Italy and neighboring territories during the Roman Republic (509-27 bc), but made wider conquests and solidified political control of these lands during the empire. The empire lasted until Germanic invasions, economic decline, and internal unrest in the 4th and 5th centuries ad ended Romes ability to dominate such a huge territory. The Romans and their empire gave cultural and political shape to the subsequent history of Europe from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance to the present day. In 44 bc Gaius Julius Caesar, the Roman leader who ruled the Roman Republic as a dictator, was ass assinated . Rome descended into more than ten years of civil war and political upheaval. After Caesars heir Gaius Octavius (also known as Octavian) defeated his last rivals, the Senate in 27 bc proclaimed him Augustus, meaning the exalted or holy one. In this way Augustus established the monarchy that became known as the Roman Empire. The Roman Republic, which had lasted nearly 500 years, was dead, never to be revived. The empire would endure for another 500 years until ad 476 (See Ancient Rome). The emperor Augustus reigned from 27 bc to ad 14 and ruled with absolute power. He reestablished political and social stability and launched two centuries of prosperity called the Roman Peace (Pax Romana). Under his rule the Roman state began its transformation into the greatest and most influential political institution in European history. During the first two centuries ad the empire flourished and added new territories, notably ancient Britain, Arabia, and Dacia (present-day Romania). People from the Roman provinces streamed to Rome, where they became soldiers, bureaucrats, senators, and even emperors. Rome developed into the social, economic, and cultural capital of the Mediterranean world. Despite the attention given to tyrannical and often vicious leaders like the emperors Caligula and Nero, most emperors ruled sensibly and competently until military and economic disasters brought on the political instability of the 3rd century ad. The Roman Empire encompassed a huge amount of territory, but also allowed people of many different cultures to retain their heritage into modern times. The empire helped to perpetuate the art, literature, and philosophy of the Greeks, the religious and ethical system of the Jews, the new religion of the Christians, Babylonian astronomy and astrology, and cultural elements from Persia, Egypt, and other eastern civilizations. The Romans supplied their own peculiar talents for government, law, and architecture and also spread their Latin language. In this way they created the Greco-Roman synthesis, the rich combination of cultural elements that for two millennia has shaped what we call the Western tradition. The Romans formed that synthesis during the longest continuous period of peaceful prosperity that the Mediterranean world has ever known. Even after a German invader in ad 476 deposed Romulus Augustulus, the last emperor residing in Rome, emperors who called themselves Roman (althou gh they are known historically as Byzantine) continued to rule in Constantinople until ad 1453 (See Byzantine Empire). The impact of the Roman people endures until the present day. After the founding of Rome in 753 bc, powerful kings ruled until, according to patriotic legend, the Romans expelled the last foreign monarch in 509 bc and established a more representative form of government known as the Roman Republic. In the five centuries the republic existed, Rome expanded from a small community on the hills beside the Tiber River into the major power of the Mediterranean world. After centuries of warfare the Romans conquered other peoples who lived in the surrounding regions and by 266 bc controlled the entire Italian Peninsula. The Romans then embarked on their conquest of the rest of the Mediterranean basin. First they defeated their great rival, Carthage, whose possessions, including Sicily, Spain, and North Africa, became Roman provinces. During the 2nd and 1st centuries bc, Romes military forces, known as legions, fought against kings and city-states in the eastern Mediterranean to bring Greece, Asia Minor (roughly modern Turkey), Syria, Judea, and Egypt u nder Roman control. In the west, Julius Caesar conquered Gaul, which included all of modern France, so that the Roman frontiers extended from the Sahara to the North Sea and from Spain to the Near East. This remarkable military achievement transformed the Romans themselves. Roman imperialism introduced extremes of wealth and poverty that sharpened social and economic conflict within the Roman state. The flood of military plunder and captured slaves dramatically changed the countryside as small farms gave way to large plantations, and landless peasants migrated to Rome and other cities. Immense wealth inflamed the ambitions of Roman nobles who struggled for personal domination rather than collective rule. The historian Sallust expressed the view of later Romans who believed that the wealth of empire corrupted the once noble Roman people. Nearly a century of intermittent civil war, which extended from the rule of the Gracchi, beginning about 133 bc, to the death of Gaius Julius Caesar in 44 bc, threatened to destroy the unity and prosperity of Rome itself (See also Gracchus, Gaius Sempronius and Gracchus, Tiberius Sempronius). .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba , .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba .postImageUrl , .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba , .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba:hover , .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba:visited , .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba:active { border:0!important; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba:active , .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u263a895565c55cf0eecc312426b535ba:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Martin Luther King jr. EssayIn 49 bc Caesar, who had held many of the highest political offices in Rome, marched into Italy to challenge the leaders of the republic. My Dear Teacher, I am too lazy to study for your class and decided that I would download a paper off of the internet and turn it in. Please fail me miserably and then turn me into the office for punishment. After defeating his enemies, he ruled as dictator until his murder on the Ides of March (March 15 by the Roman calendar) in 44 bc. Caesars assassins, Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus, hoped to restore the republic, but it was no longer possible. Neither the urban masses nor the military would allow the old aristocracy to regain control. Rome needed a strong hand to administer the state and control the army, since the old system of government was unsuitable to rule an empire of 50 million subjects. If Rome wanted to maintain its dominance, the government needed to create new administrative and military institutions. Caesar planned to transform the Roman state, but his few years in power were insufficient. His followers included his longtime military deputy, Mark Antony, and his great-nephew (and adopted son), Octavian. They first defeated Brutus and Cassius at Philippi, a city of ancient Macedonia, in 42 bc before turning on each other. By 30 bc Octavian was the unchallenged successor to Caesar and the master of Rome. Three years later the Senate proclaimed him Augustus, the supreme ruler.